iLEAD Proceedings of the 12th International Conference of the Immersive Learning Research Network

We are pleased to present our iLRN2026 iLEAD Proceedings volume, which includes 68 submissions contributing insights to immersive learning research and practice across the lifespan. These submissions were peer-reviewed and presented at the 12th Annual International Conference of the Immersive Learning Research Network (iLRN2026). We very much hope you will enjoy reading them.

Authors were required to submit an abstract with well-articulated perspectives on applications of Immersive Learning. This allows practitioners to share their work with our community if they do not qualify for the rigorous requirements of an academic publication. Reviewers provided feedback on submitted papers, suggested improvements, and recommended to the Program Chairs whether to accept, reject or request changes to the papers. Reviewing is a volunteer and time-intensive process, and we are grateful to all our reviewers for contributing to our community.

This Practitioner Proceedings volume is part of the ILEAD Track and is published by iLRN.

Editors

  • Chrysoula Lazou, Democritus University of Thrace, Greece
  • Paula MacDowell, University of Saskatchewan, Canada
  • Emmanouel Fokides, University of Aegean, Hellenic Scientific Association of Information & Communication Technologies in Education, Greece
  • Daniela Pedrosa, University of Lisbon, Portugal
  • Nuno Dorotea, University of Lisbon, Portugal
  • Tassos Anastasios Mikropoulos, University of Ioannina, Hellenic Scientific Association of Information & Communication Technologies in Education, Greece
  • George Koutromanos, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
  • Stylianos Mystakidis, Hellenic Open University, Greece
  • Daphne Economou, University of Westminster, UK
  • Jule Krüger, University of Twente, Netherlands
  • Anasol Peña-Rios, British Telecom Research Labs, UK
  • Jonathon Richter, University of Montana, Missoula, USA

ISBN 979-8-9929916-2-8

DOI 10.56198/LYFRD

Copyright ©2026 by the Immersive Learning Research Network. This open-acccess work is published under the Creative Commons Attribution-Sharealike 4.0 International License (CC BY-SA 4.0) (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0). More information on reprints and permissions policies here.

The papers in this book comprise the proceedings of the meeting mentioned on the cover and title page. The papers in this publication reflect the authors' opinions. Their inclusion in this publication does not necessarily constitute endorsement by the editors or the Immersive Learning Research Network.

To cite this volume please use the recommended format:

Lazou, C., MacDowell, P., Fokides, E., Pedrosa, D., Dorotea, N., Mikropoulos, A., Koutromanos, G., Mystakidis, S., Economou, D., Krüger, J.M., Peña-Rios, A. & Richter, J. (Eds.) (2026). Immersive Learning Research Network. Immersive Learning Education and Design (iLEAD) Proceedings of 12th International Conference, iLRN 2026, Online & Athens, Greece, June 27-30, 2026 (in person) & June 28-30, 2026 (Online). Immersive Learning Research Network. ISBN 979-8-9929916-2-8

For more information on the Academic Proceedings please visit https://publications.immersivelrn.org/index.php/academic.

For more information on the Practitioner Proceedings please visit https://publications.immersivelrn.org/index.php/practitioner.

Published: 02-07-2026
Conference Location: Athens Greece

Conference Proceedings

  • Understanding Institutional Conditions for XR Adoption in Higher Education

    Meryem Yilmaz Soylu, Ameya Sawadkar, Warren Goetzel
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/e4khbe97

  • Designing Meaningful Learning Experiences with Mixed Reality in Higher Education

    Suzi Cathro, Hanne Wagner, Dimitrios Paris Darzentas, Iain Donald
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/m1ks8m34

  • When AI Agents Become Immersive:A Human-Centered Design and Evaluation Framework

    Lisa Dawley
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/3wyxay43

  • Finding Your Own Way: Evolving an Open-Source Solution to Social VR in Higher Education

    Gary Burnett
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/yz8wf675

  • From Grades to Gamified Progress: Engagement-Centered Design Iterations in ACATAR (WIP)

    Kai Erenli, Maximilian Mayerl
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/gvj4fh93

  • Oculus Quest 2 vs ClassVR: Students’ Preferences and Perceptions in Higher Education Context

    Daniela Pedrosa, Maria Castelhano, Daniela Bicalho , João Piedade , Nuno Dorotea
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/wwkt5q04

  • Virtual Reality as a Catalyst for Creativity and Innovation in Education: Student Perspectives

    Daniela Pedrosa, Nuno Dorotea
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/jkmd9884

  • Watsonville: Teaching Through Embodied Curiosity, Vulnerability and Full-Body Immersive Experience

    Cory McKague
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/cpn6v060

  • Pierce XRLab: Designing and Developing an Innovative Two-Year XR Curriculum for Immersive Learning in Middle School

    Yannis Mygdanis
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/4m6hx659

  • Between the Physical and the Digital Spacetime of the Mathematics Classroom: Boundary Infrastructures, Immersion and Embodiment

    Andreas Moutsios-Rentzos
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/q694f272

  • Students as Creators of Augmented Reality in Primary Education: A Pilot Study

    Maria Rellia, George Koutromanos, Konstantina Tsoli, Emmanuel Fokides
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/axbdwv11

  • The Design and Development of an Augmented Reality Environment for the Teaching of the History of Classical Athens

    Christopher Tripoulas, George Koutromanos
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/djpnbb41

  • Panel Session – Leveraging Academic Research with Virtual Reality to Solve Problems of Practice: A Panel Discussion with the XR Education Design Lab

    Eileen McGivney, Oluwatomilade Olarinde, Xiuqi Tommy Zhu, Manav Varma
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/w97wkn73

  • The Design and Development of an Augmented Reality Educational Escape Room to Foster Teachers’ Empathy: “The Refugee’s Journey”

    Dimitra Zacharia, George Koutromanos
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/rph85y62

  • From Consensus to Action: A Delphi Follow Up Panel to Operationalized the ILM Integration Framework for Responsible Immersive Learning in Higher Education

    Daphne Economou, Daniel Mitelpunkt, Paula Mc Dowell, Helen McKenna, Stavros Nikou, Ioannis Doumanis
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/bvjhqj96

  • From Experience to Practice: A Lightweight XR Interface for Skill-Building Across Devices

    Asante Asiedu, John Derek Daniels
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/3agwsx82

  • Immersive Simulation in a CAVE-Environment for Experiential Learning: Presenting the Work of RCR Simulation Lab

    Kari Pihl
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/ndrk9s82

  • Redesigning a Clinical Optometry Course through Immersive Simulation and Peer Formative Assessment: A Design Proposal to Foster Evaluative Judgement in Higher Education

    Laia Lluch Molins, Luís Pérez-Mañá
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/q6j26b70

  • Workshop—An iLRN Repository for XR Educational Resources: Community Workshop

    Guendalina Ajello Mahler, Jule M. Kruger, Andrea Horvath, Jonathon Richter
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/awc9t034

  • Beyond the Walled Garden: A Framework for AI-Assisted, Cross-Platform Participatory XR for Small Museums, Educators, and Creators

    Esther Choy, Hugo Lai
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/eejc6d89

  • Reducing Barriers to the Use of the Metaverse in Higher Education

    Luiz Fernando Ibrahim Rebello Cabral, Caio Silva e Cunha, Sara Kathleen Souza Silva, Marcos Antˆonio Silva, Maria Fernanda Caravana de Castro Moraes Ricci, Anrafel Fernandes Pereira
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/15tjx665

  • Repository Systems for Creative and Immersive Scholarship in Open Knowledge

    Nurhak Tuncer Bayramli, Patrick M. O’Shea
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/2nk3cw06

  • Museum 2 You: Accessible Exploration Through Immersive and Experiential Library Kits

    Charlene Hardin
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/jdm9qg54

  • Smart Gamification of a Museum Exhibition using Augmented Reality and Generative Artificial Intelligence

    Christos Koulouris, Stylianos Mystakidis, Andreas Komninos
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/3t50z725

  • Beyond the Empathy Machine: Trauma-Informed Facilitation for Immersive Social Justice Learning

    Junsong Zhang, Helen Lee, Melanie Meyers
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/jaczge88

  • Design and Usability Evaluation of Virtual Reality Meditation Applications

    Alexandra Reyda-Molnar, Paula MacDowell, Shahram Fardadvand
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/p27wzk84

  • Seeing the Whole Lab: 360° Videos as an Immersive Tool for Science Teacher Education

    Mohammed Estaiteyeh, Muhammad Kiani, Mariam Takkouch, Wenting Rong
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/9zjfqg51

  • Augmented Reality Design Principles for Outdoor Education Informed by the Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning

    Quincy Q. Wang, Paula MacDowell
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/hzm28d76

  • Work-in-Progress – Design and Development of an Immersive Virtual Reality Laboratory for Electrical Circuits

    Rimneet Cheema, Kaden Watt, Hossain Samar Qorbani
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/7mdq9f18

  • Poster—Supporting Data Literacy in K-12 Science: Co-Designing a Problem-Based Learning Game

    Anna Amato Shao, Jessica Ochoa Hendrix, Noelle Posadas Shang, Christopher Pollati, Mande Holford
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/g8rn8q17

  • Beyond Contracting Scripts: Transforming Negotiation Learning Through GenAI-Mediated Immersive Simulation

    Yalun Zhou, Kedong Chen, Mei Si, Alan Weng
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/3g6ce162

  • Special Relativity in Virtual Reality: Direct Instruction of the Barn Ladder Paradox

    Liyu Pan, Kevin Kim, Zewuzi Meng, Ryan Tapping
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/ef7sjf93

  • LexiLearn: Adaptive AI-Driven Virtual Reality for Multisensory Literacy Instruction and Pedagogical Support

    Anna C.M. Queiroz, Lucas Yeykelis, Marie P.P.M. Holm, Neon Cao, Nasir Grant, Christopher Eagar, Bryson Rudolph
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/tcj0dp84

  • Accessibility AR Tower: Exploring the Architecture of Exclusion in an Augmented Reality Serious Board Game

    Maria Trikali, Eleni Vaskali, Ioannis Kazanidis, Stylianos Mystakidis
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/95cv5803

  • Teaching Approach for the Concept of Electromagnetic Induction and the Operating Principle of a Generator for Primary School Students

    Maria Theodoropoulou
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/k69y8h52

  • A comparative study of Augmented Reality Applications for English Language Learning in Primary Education

    Angeliki Voreopoulou, Thomai Alexiou
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/14gdmm11

  • Teaching Lived Religion Through XR: The Case of Immersive Religion

    John Soboslai
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/msqxg596

  • Researching the Triumphs and Tribulations of Language Teaching and Learning in Immersive Metaverse Environments

    Carla Rodrigues
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/vgapht88

  • Superwomb: A VR Gynaecological Health Education App for Women Aged 8 to 108

    Julie Swift, Srilakshmi Ramakrishnan
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/p6283k44

  • Under Pressure: A Design to Reduce Blood Pressure Reading Errors by Clinical Staff with Virtual Reality Training

    Ashley Truluck
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/76etjj32

  • Development and Pilot User Study of a VR Anatomy Visualization Application

    Ryan Bernal , Benita Munung, Hossain Samar Qorbani
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/z9r57s55

  • Analysis of Attention Based on Gaze and Head Movements under Task Difficulty in an Extended Reality Diagnostic Simulation

    Kukhyeon Kim, Daeun Han, Jeeheon Ryu
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/j29ww513

  • Collaborative Extended Reality Simulation in Healthcare Education: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

    Yeonjik Joe, Hyunwoo Lee, Haram Choi, Jeeheon Ryu
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/00m5y980

  • OSRAQMUL: A Digital Application for Oral Surgery Risk Assessment

    Haidar Hassan, Hussein Al-Tamimi, Rawand Shado, Saffa Dean, Ravi Rathod, Paulo Oliva, Atif Matin
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/wb379j21

  • Immersive Technologies in Health Education: Combining Virtual Anatomy and Clinical Simulation

    Luciana Silva, Marcos Antˆonio Silva, Leandro Rezende Batista, Sara Kathleen de Souza Silva, Caio Cunha, Anrafel Fernandes Pereira
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/fpspdd74

  • Mapping out digital skills gaps for widening integration of XR resources in healthcare education

    Panagiotis Antoniou, Stathis Konstantinidis, Ioanna Dratsiou, Athanasios Raikos, Panagiotis Bamidis
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/gq9b8h90

  • AnatoGO: A Proposal for a Student-Created Immersive Environment for Anatomy Education

    Mariah Dotti de Vilhena Junqueira, Sara Kathleen de Souza Silva, Caio Cunha, Marcos Antˆonio Silva, Alan Miranda, Anrafel Pereira
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/ybb36s22

  • Understanding How Immersive Virtual Reality Supports Learning and Transfer Across Educational Contexts

    Caiwei Zhu, Lars de Vreugd, Danza Onvlee, Mohammadreza Farrokhnia, Frank Halfwerk, Marleen Groenier, Ilona Friso-van den Bos, Helena J. M. Pennings
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/ss84dg32

  • Designing Immersive Narratives for Non-formal Education

    Alec Bodzin, Robson Araujo-Junior, Thomas Hammond, Zilong Pan
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/zrptw542

  • From School Gardens to Immersive Environmental Education: Using 360° Videos in Teacher Education

    Mariam Takkouch, Muhammad Kiani, Wenting Rong, Mohammed Estaiteyeh
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/1c5gk786

  • Designing for Headset VR from a Desktop VR Learning Experience: The Lehigh Gap Story

    Aliza Askari, Robson Araujo-Junior, Nina Chau, Liam Messinger, Reid Shields, Alec Bodzin, Thomas Hammond, Zilong Pan
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/814eg517

  • Re-discovering the Water Cycle: An Immersive Technology Approach to STEAM Education

    Chrysoula Lazou, Maria Psychogiou
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/b9an0t69

  • Making Practice Repeatable: Building and Piloting a VR Active-Shooter Scenario for Police Training

    Junsong Zhang, Robert Walker, Melanie Meyers
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/enfxx504

  • A Metaverse-Based Training Experience on Brazilian Regulatory Standard No.6 and Personal Protective Equipment

    Sara Kathleen de Souza Silva, Caio Silva Cunha, Marcos Antˆonio Silva, Luiz Fernando Ibrahim Rebello Cabral, Maria Fernanda Caravana de Castro Moraes Ricci, Anrafel Fernandes Pereira
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/08mysq10

  • XR Technologies in English Language Education: Conceptualising Immersive Learning to Foster Oracy in Secondary Language Classrooms

    Frauke Matz, Rebecca Schlieckmann, Stavros Pitsikalis, Ilona-Elefteryja Lasica, Ondřej Duda, Alena Jůvová
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/0g2ccx33

  • Pedagogical Integration of XR Technologies in School Education: A Case Study from the Czech Republic with Cross-National Reflections

    Ondřej Duda, Alena Jůvová, Stavros Pitsikalis, Ilona-Elefteryja Lasica, Frauke Matz
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/qw1bk060

  • iVR in the Primary School Classroom: Pre-Service Teachers’ Experiences, Insights and Motivation

    Anthi Karatrantou, George Panetas, Christos Panagiotakopoulos, George Rallakis
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/2hgdhj77

  • Extended Abstract—Hybrid DRL-GenAI Architecture for Adaptive Tutoring of Vector Spaces in Virtual Reality

    Dennis Alberto Macas Quizhpe, Pablo Fernando Ordoñez Ordoñez
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/z9byt635

  • From Plato’s Cave to AI-Assisted Critical Literacy: Designing a VR Serious Escape Room Game for Misinformation Awareness

    Maria-Despoina Papagiannopoulou, Stylianos Mystakidis, Ioannis Kazanidis
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/sv6kez33

  • Generative Artificial Intelligence and Augmented Reality for Collaborative Content Creation

    Chrysoula Lazou, Avgoustos Tsinakos
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/ehn0dc17

  • Educators’ Perspectives: Learning Through Making in GenAI-Driven XR Design Using the Hackathon Method

    Komala Mazerant, Frederike Manders, Marie Kegeleers, Oskar Maan, Elise de Ron-van Beurden, Erik Katerborg
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/z8rasz39

  • Generative Artificial Intelligence and Metaverse as Immersive Learning Ecosystems in Health Education

    Anrafel Fernandes Pereira, Lahis Werneck Vilagra, Jo˜ao Pedro de Resende Côrtes, Maria Cristina Almeida de Souza
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/2yf2g460

  • Extended Reality and Open Education

    Brian Landrigan
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/k7kjj542

  • Introducing TreeTalky: A GenAI-Based Immersive VR Application That Gives the Forest a Voice

    Pia Spangenberger , Georg Felix Reuth
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/e491ht82

  • Temporal Ethics and the Shifting Self

    Eleana Pandia , Panagiotis Livadas, Ilektra Vouza
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/c7z5z066

  • Playgrounds to Pipelines: Building a Learning Ecosystem Through Faculty-Led Production of Early Childhood Game Design

    Corey Reece, Todd Emma
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/xt6cn339

  • AI Detectives 101: A Digital Escape-Room Workshop for Critical AI Literacies, Co-Creation, and Ethical AI Design

    Yvoni Galetaki, Iro Voulgari
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/qyqs8b64

  • Byzantine Mosaics: Virtual Exploration Fostering Cultural Heritage Awareness Through XR and GenAI in Primary Education

    Kyriaki Prasinou, Iason Tsimpourlas Kritikidis, Chrysoula Lazou, Avgoustos Tsinakos, Ioannis Kazanidis
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.56198/jg8f5k02