Cross-Cultural Learning to Promote Global Citizenship Using Immersive Technology: A Systematic Literature Review

Abstract

This Academic Short Paper contains a literature review conducted to examine the theoretical foundations of cultural learning, how immersive technologies have been used for these purposes, and the challenges and opportunities in the future. This systematic literature review investigates how immersive technologies, such as virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and mixed reality (MR), can be leveraged for culturally immersive learning that promotes cultural competence, cultural intelligence, and a global mindset. Studies on immersive technologies for culturally immersive learning were selected using search terms within Google Scholar and Scopus like “cultural competence,” “virtual reality,” and “global citizenship,” excluding literature that did not address immersive technologies or cultural education. The research reflects diverse learners across educational settings, analyzing quantitative and qualitative outcomes. Key findings reveal theoretical foundations and recent frameworks for developing cross-cultural skills-based content. Along with great potential, there are challenges in access, ethics, and scalability. Future directions for research, policy, ethical considerations, and institutional support are discussed with insights for improving educational practices and policies to prepare learners for an interconnected world.