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  • 2024 10th International Conference of the Immersive Learning Research Network (iLRN) Proceedings - Selected Academic Contributions

    We are pleased to present our iLRN2024 Selected Academic papers for the iLRN Proceedings volume, which includes 42 submissions (3 Full, 11 Short, 25 Work-in-Progress and 3 Doctoral Colloquium) contributing insights to immersive learning research and practice across the lifespan. These submissions were peer-reviewed and presented at the 10th annual International Conference of the Immersive Learning Research Network (iLRN2024), and we very much hope you will enjoy reading them.

    Authors were required to submit an abstract with well-articulated perspectives on applications of Immersive Learning. Two to four reviewers independently assessed all submissions. All contributions were evaluated in a double-blind review process and checked for plagiarism to ensure authors submitted original work. All authors were given meaningful feedback on their submissions. Reviewing is a volunteer activity and a time-intensive process, and we are grateful to all our reviewers for contributing to our community.

    This Selected Academic papers for the iLRN Proceedings volume is part of the Academic Track and is published by iLRN.

    Editors

    • Jule Krüger, University of Potsdam, Germany
    • Daniela Pedrosa, Santarém Polytechnic University, Portugal
    • Dennis Beck, University of Arkansas, USA
    • Marie-Luce Bourguet, Queen Mary University of London, UK
    • Andreas Dengel, Goethe Universität Frankfurt am Main, Germany
    • Rami Ghannam, University of Glasgow, UK
    • Alan Miller, University of Saint Andrews, UK
    • Anasol Peña-Rios, British Telecom Research Labs, UK
    • Jonathon Richter, iLRN President and CEO, USA

    ISBN 978-1-7348995-7-3

    Copyright ©2024 by the Immersive Learning Research Network. This open-acccess work is published under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0). More information on reprints and permissions policies here.

    The papers in this book comprise the proceedings of the meeting mentioned on the cover and title page. The papers in this publication reflect the authors' opinions. Their inclusion in this publication does not necessarily constitute endorsement by the editors or the Immersive Learning Research Network.

    To cite this volume please use the recommended format:

    Krüger, J., Pedrosa, D., Beck, D., Bourguet M.L., Dengel, A., Ghannam, R., Miller, A., Peña-Rios, A. & Richter, J. (Eds.) (2024). Immersive Learning Research Network. Proceedings of 10th International Conference – Selected Academic papers for the iLRN Proceedings, iLRN 2024, Online & Glasgow, Scotland, UK, June 3-5, 2024 (online) & June 10-13, 2024 (in person). Immersive Learning Research Network. ISBN 978-1-7348995-7-3

    For more information on the Academic Proceedings please visit https://publications.immersivelrn.org/index.php/academic.

    For more information on the Practitioner Proceedings please visit https://publications.immersivelrn.org/index.php/practitioner.

  • Special Issue on: Disruption, Innovation, and Resiliency in Immersive Learning

    Immersive learning applications have become increasingly popular in recent years as they offer users a more engaging and interactive learning experience. However, many definitions of “immersion” and “Immersive Learning” still exist, and we need consensus on how to apply them. We use the definition adopted by the Immersive Learning Research Network, which views immersion as a phenomenon with three dimensions: technical, narrative, and agency and an “immersive learning environment” as the surroundings where immersion develops (Beck et al., 2020, p. 1043).

    Immersive learning environments have the potential to improve learning, augmenting conventional teaching methods towards the creation of engaging experiences for learners. However, there are still many challenges in designing meaningful experiences that address pedagogical needs (Beck et al., 2023) whilst considering current technology affordances to ensure that these experiences consolidate into well-established learning tools that are scalable and correctly assessed. Moreover, the interdisciplinary nature of these applications has created new bridges between researchers, computer scientists, educators, gamers, UI/UX designers, and developers while considering ethics and best practices, developing the field of Immersive Learning research.

    In this regard, the Immersive Learning Research Network (iLRN) (https://immersivelrn.org/) has been working on creating and supporting a community for the different disciplines involved in creating immersive learning experiences towards developing the scientific, technical, and applied potential of immersive learning. Moreover, iLRN has challenged the community towards the systematization of this field with the Immersive Learning Knowledge Tree initiative, bridging their different epistemological landscapes to combine their efforts and develop the field of immersive learning research.

    For all the reasons previously stated, we are glad to present this special issue on “Disruption, Innovation and Resiliency in Immersive Learning” as a way to provide a common theme for scientists, practitioners, organizations, and innovators across disciplines to share their research findings, experiences, and insights on the emerging scholarly knowledge base on how these technologies can be used to create experiences that educate, engage, and excite learners towards shaping the future immersive technologies for learning. This special issue was organized in collaboration with the Immersive Learning Research Network (iLRN) as a follow-up from their 8th annual International Conference (iLRN2022). The 8th annual International Conference of the Immersive Learning Research Network (iLRN2022), held between May 30 and June 4, 2022, offered two days of presentations and activities on the iLRN Virtual Campus (powered by ©Virbela), followed by three days on location at the FH University of Applied Sciences BFI in Vienna, Austria.

    This special issue consists of 17 papers that followed a rigorous peer-review process following the Education and Information Technologies journal’s high standards (43.60% acceptance rate). The special issue accepted open submissions from the wider community and extended contributions from the iLRN2022 conference (with at least 50% new material). All contributions were independently evaluated in a double-anonymized review process and checked for plagiarism to ensure the authors followed the requirements.

    We are grateful to authors and reviewers for contributing to this special issue. We hope this publication will be a valuable resource for scholars, practitioners, and researchers in immersive learning and inspire future discoveries and innovations in our exciting and rapidly evolving field. If you are not already involved, we invite you to read this special issue and join us in our subsequent events and ongoing initiatives.

    This Special Issue was published by Springer.

    To access the full issue please visit Springer's website: https://link.springer.com/journal/10639/topicalCollection/AC_61610738468812c0dd6d8fd9e3b56484

    Editors

    • Anasol Peña-Rios, British Telecom Research Labs, UK
    • Daphne Economou, University of Westminster, UK
    • Dennis Beck, University of Arkansas, USA

    ISSN: 1360-2357 (Print) 1573-7608 (Online)

    Copyright ©2024 - Springer. For reprints and permissions policies please visit Springer's website.

    The papers in this publication reflect the authors' opinions. Their inclusion in this publication does not necessarily constitute endorsement by the editors or the Immersive Learning Research Network.

    To cite this volume please use the recommended format:

    Peña-Rios, A., Economou, D. & Beck, D. (Eds.) Special issue on “Disruption, Innovation and Resiliency in Immersive Learning”. Educ Inf Technol (2024).

    For more information on the Academic Proceedings please visit https://publications.immersivelrn.org/index.php/academic.

    For more information on the Practitioner Proceedings please visit https://publications.immersivelrn.org/index.php/practitioner.

  • 2023 9th International Conference of the Immersive Learning Research Network (iLRN) - Full and Short papers

    The 9th annual International Conference of the Immersive Learning Research Network (iLRN 2023) continued to push the boundaries of immersive learning, offering a hybrid experience that combined a virtual campus experience on the iLRN Virtual Campus (powered by ©Virbela) and Zoom meetings inMay, followed by on-location events in June at the California Polytechnic State University (CalPoly) campus, in San Luis Obispo (SLO), California. This year’s conference brought together an international community
    of scholars, practitioners, and innovators to explore the theme of “Learning Across the Metaverse: Building an Evidence-based Framework through Science, Community, Vision, & Adventure!”

    One hundred and ten submissions were received for the Academic track. Every submission underwent a rigorous review by at least three members of the Program Committee to maintain high scientific and quality standards. All contributions were evaluated in a double-blind review process and checked for plagiarism to ensure authors submitted original work. After the peer-review process, all authors were given meaningful feedback on their submissions.

    After a rigorous review process and based on the peer-review results, the editorial board decided to accept thirty-nine papers for the Springer proceedings (44.32% acceptance rate). The papers are arranged into ten main Immersive Learning areas of application (iLRN Branch Houses) and an additional one for our special track. iLRN Branch Houses work as umbrellas for each application area towards the systematization of research, design, and practice of immersive learning experiences. These are part
    of the Immersive Learning Knowledge Tree initiative, aiming to bridge their different epistemological landscapes to combine their efforts and develop the field of immersive learning research.

    We are pleased to partner with Springer’s Communications in Computer and Information Science (CCIS) series to publish all accepted and registered full and short papers in the Academic Stream presented at iLRN 2023. All work-in-progress poster papers, doctoral colloquium papers, and practitioner papers were published with an individual DOI in the iLRN online proceedings.


    This was only possible due to authors submitting their novel research, peer-reviewers providing expertise to suggest improvements and recommendations, and volunteers donating their time to our conference. We sincerely thank those involved who volunteered their time to make this an unforgettable event and attendees for joining us and sharing their excellent work with the iLRN community.


    We hope this publication will be a valuable resource for scholars, practitioners, and researchers in immersive learning and inspire future discoveries and innovations in our exciting and rapidly evolving field.


    If you are not already involved, we invite you to read these proceedings and join us in our subsequent events and ongoing initiatives.

    This Academic Proceedings volume is part of the Academic Track and is published by Springer.

    To access the full documents please visit Springer's website: https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-031-47328-9

    Editors

    • Marie-Luce Bourguet, Queen Mary University of London, UK
    • Jule Krüger, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
    • Daniela Pedrosa, University of Aveiro, Portugal
    • Andreas Dengel, Goethe Universität Frankfurt am Main, Germany
    • Anasol Peña-Rios, British Telecom Research Labs, UK
    • Jonathon Richter, iLRN President and CEO, USA

    ISBN 978-3-031-47328-9

    Copyright ©2023 - Springer. For reprints and permissions policies please visit Springer's website.

    The papers in this publication reflect the authors' opinions. Their inclusion in this publication does not necessarily constitute endorsement by the editors or the Immersive Learning Research Network.

    To cite this volume please use the recommended format:

    Bourguet, M.L., Krüger, J.M., Pedrosa, D., Dengel, A., Peña-Rios, A. & Richter, J. (Eds.) (2023). Immersive Learning Research Network. Proceedings of 9th International Conference, iLRN 2023, San Luis Obispo, USA, June 26-29, 2029. Revised Selected Papers. Springer. ISBN 978-3-031-47328-9

    For more information on the Academic Proceedings please visit https://publications.immersivelrn.org/index.php/academic.

    For more information on the Practitioner Proceedings please visit https://publications.immersivelrn.org/index.php/practitioner.

  • 2023 9th International Conference of the Immersive Learning Research Network (iLRN) - Posters & Doctoral Colloquium Proceedings

    We are pleased to present our iLRN2023 Academic Posters & Doctoral Colloquium Proceedings volume, which includes twenty-four submissions (22 Work-in-Progress and 2 Doctoral Colloquium) contributing insights to immersive learning research and practice across the lifespan. These submissions were peer-reviewed and presented at the 9th annual International Conference of the Immersive Learning Research Network (iLRN2023), and we very much hope you will enjoy reading them.

    Authors were required to submit an abstract with well-articulated perspectives on applications of Immersive Learning. Two to four reviewers independently assessed all submissions. All contributions were evaluated in a double-blind review process and checked for plagiarism to ensure authors submitted original work. All authors were given meaningful feedback on their submissions. Reviewing is a volunteer activity and a time-intensive process, and we are grateful to all our reviewers for contributing to our community.

    This Academic Posters & Doctoral Colloquium Proceedings volume is part of the Academic Track and is published by iLRN.

    Editors

    • Marie-Luce Bourguet, Queen Mary University of London, UK
    • Jule Krüger, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
    • Daniela Pedrosa, University of Aveiro, Portugal
    • Andreas Dengel, Goethe Universität Frankfurt am Main, Germany
    • Anasol Peña-Rios, British Telecom Research Labs, UK
    • Jonathon Richter, iLRN President and CEO, USA

    ISBN 978-1-7348995-5-9/23

    Copyright ©2023 by the Immersive Learning Research Network. This open-acccess work is published under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0). More information on reprints and permissions policies here.

    The papers in this book comprise the proceedings of the meeting mentioned on the cover and title page. The papers in this publication reflect the authors' opinions. Their inclusion in this publication does not necessarily constitute endorsement by the editors or the Immersive Learning Research Network.

    To cite this volume please use the recommended format:

    Bourguet, M.L., Krüger, J., Pedrosa, D., Dengel, A., Peña-Rios, A. & Richter, J. (Eds.) (2023). Immersive Learning Research Network. Proceedings of 9th International Conference – Posters & Doctoral Colloquium, iLRN 2023, Online & San Luis Obispo, California, USA, May 18-20, 2023 (online) & June 26-29, 2023 (in person). Immersive Learning Research Network. ISBN 978-1-7348995-5-9/23

    For more information on the Academic Proceedings please visit https://publications.immersivelrn.org/index.php/academic.

    For more information on the Practitioner Proceedings please visit https://publications.immersivelrn.org/index.php/practitioner.

  • 2022 8th International Conference of the Immersive Learning Research Network (iLRN)

    The 8th annual International Conference of the Immersive Learning Research Network (iLRN2022) was the first iLRN event to offer a hybrid experience, with two days of presentations and activities on the iLRN Virtual Campus (powered by ©Virbela), followed by three days on location at the FH University of Applied Sciences BFI in Vienna, Austria.  

    This year's theme, DISRUPTION, INNOVATION & RESILIENCY: becoming an inclusive & robust global community for immersive learning, fostered a flourishing global network of researchers and practitioners collaborating to develop the scientific, technical, and applied potential of immersive learning.

    One hundred and twenty-six submissions were received for the Academic track. These include full and short papers, work-in-progress (poster) papers and submissions to the Doctoral Colloquium. Two to four reviewers independently assessed all submissions. All contributions were evaluated in a double-blind review process and checked for plagiarism to ensure authors submitted original work. All authors were given meaningful feedback on their submissions. Authors were invited to resubmit in a different category when reviewers agreed that papers needed substantial work, i.e. full papers as short papers and short papers as posters. After a rigorous review, ninety-four papers were accepted for inclusion in the final Academic proceedings.

    In addition, this year, we have our inaugural Practitioner Proceedings volume, which includes twenty-nine submissions. This volume is published separately by iLRN, and it is not indexed by the IEEE Xplore® Digital Library.

    We sincerely thank those involved who volunteered their time to make this such a great event and to attendees for joining us and sharing their excellent work with the iLRN community. 

    If you are not already involved, we invite you to read these proceedings and join us in our subsequent events and ongoing initiatives.

    This Academic Proceedings volume is part of the Academic Track and is published by the IEEE.

    To access the full documents please visit IEEE Xplore website: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/conhome/9815848/proceeding.

    Editors

    • Andreas Dengel, Goethe Universität Frankfurt am Main, Germany
    • Marie-Luce Bourguet, Queen Mary University of London, UK
    • Daniela Pedrosa, University of Aveiro, Portugal
    • James Hutson, Lindenwood University, USA
    • Kai Erenli, University of Applied Sciences bfi Vienna, Austria
    • Daphne Economou, University of Westminster, UK
    • Anasol Peña-Rios, British Telecom Research Labs, UK
    • Jonathon Richter, iLRN President and CEO, USA

    ISBN 978-1-7348995-2-8/22

    Copyright ©2022 - IEEE. For reprints and permissions policies please visit IEEE's website.

    The papers in this publication reflect the authors' opinions. Their inclusion in this publication does not necessarily constitute endorsement by the editors or the Immersive Learning Research Network.

    To cite this volume please use the recommended format:

    Dengel, A., Bourguet, M.L., Pedrosa, D., Hutson, J., Erenli, K., Economou, D., Peña-Rios, A. & Richter, J. (Eds.) (2021). Immersive Learning Research Network. Proceedings of 7th International Conference, iLRN 2022, Online & Vienna, Austria, May 30 - June 4, 2022. Immersive Learning Research Network. ISBN 978-1-7348995-2-8/22

    For more information on the Academic Proceedings please visit https://publications.immersivelrn.org/index.php/academic.

    For more information on the Practitioner Proceedings please visit https://publications.immersivelrn.org/index.php/practitioner.

  • 2021 7th International Conference of the Immersive Learning Research Network (iLRN)

    Conference Theme: Transcend: Accelerating Learning Engagement in XR across Time, Place, and Imagination

    Transcendence is perhaps life’s highest calling. During times of difficulty such as the one facing humanity now with the global Pandemic, we are called to be resolute in surviving, sure, but also to go beyond and help others, to use what’s available to us now in ways that will help us go far beyond what we’ve done before. Envisioning what’s possible under truly challenging circumstances is a high calling for educators: the creation of a future where all may prosper. Transcendence is also inherent in the ultimate role of Science, itself, proven by History in enabling us over time to see what it is true and to leverage our knowledge for the betterment of humankind and the world. Transcendence is work but it’s also leveraged by vision and hope – the source of which is often found throughout the Arts and Humanities – in design, illustration, music, performance, and inspirational events coordination.

    At iLRN 2021, we call on the many kinds of experts involved in Immersive Learning to envision how we might use these powerful new XR tools and the emergent knowledge of How People Learn to transform learning, working, play, and our communities. We call on the experts of these disciplines to envision ways of working together to better engage in our work in ways befitting the world we live in – and the world we could build together with vision, integrity, and collaborative discipline.

    Transcendence is about SEEING things that we could not see before. Showing students a vision of the cosmos – or the micro-worlds of life living in a drop of rainwater; of displaying the invisible but nevertheless powerful connections between complex and abstract realities at work in the modern world. Making consequences tangible and impacts visible through augmented and virtual reality may provide humanity with whole new sets of powerful ways to give people the perspective and capacity to make better decisions and navigate the complex interconnected modern world.

    We are all pulled toward envisioning a better world. After a dark Winter, the Spring. Help iLRN play a role in helping shine a light toward ways we might go beyond our past and create in the future something new and full of possibilities for tomorrow’s learners.

    Join the community at iLRN 2021 and help us envision and create the future. TRANSCEND.

    This Academic Proceedings volume is part of the Academic Track and is published by IEEE.

    To access the full documents please visit IEEE's website: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/conhome/9459238/proceeding.

    Editors

    • Daphne Economou, University of Westminster, UK
    • Anasol Peña-Rios, British Telecom Research Labs, UK
    • Andreas Dengel, Goethe Universität Frankfurt am Main, Germany
    • Heather Dodds, Independent Consultant, USA
    • Markos Mentzelopoulos, University of Westminster, UK
    • Alexander Klippel, The Pennsylvania State University, USA 
    • Kai Erenli, University of Applied Sciences bfi Vienna, Austria
    • Mark J. Lee, Charles Sturt University, Australia and Immersive Learning Research Network, USA
    • Jonathon Richter, iLRN President and CEO, USA

    ISBN 978-1-7348995-2-8/21

    Copyright ©2021 - IEEE. For reprints and permissions policies please visit IEEE's website.

    The papers in this publication reflect the authors' opinions. Their inclusion in this publication does not necessarily constitute endorsement by the editors or the Immersive Learning Research Network.

    To cite this volume please use the recommended format:

    Economou, D., Dengel, A., Peña-Rios, A., Doods, H., Mentzelopoulos, M., Klippel, A., Erenli, K., Lee, M. J. W. & Richter, J. (Eds.) (2021). Immersive Learning Research Network. Proceedings of 7th International Conference, iLRN 2021, Online, May 17 - June 10, 2021. Immersive Learning Research Network. ISBN 978-1-7348995-2-8/21

    For more information on the Academic Proceedings please visit https://publications.immersivelrn.org/index.php/academic.

    For more information on the Practitioner Proceedings please visit https://publications.immersivelrn.org/index.php/practitioner.

  • 2020 6th International Conference of the Immersive Learning Research Network (iLRN)

    We are pleased to present our iLRN2020 Proceedings volume, contributing insights to immersive learning research and practice across the lifespan. These submissions were peer-reviewed and presented at the 6th annual International Conference of the Immersive Learning Research Network (iLRN2020), and we very much hope you will enjoy reading them.

    Authors were required to submit their research contributions on applications of Immersive Learning. Two to four reviewers independently assessed all submissions. All contributions were evaluated in a double-blind review process and checked for plagiarism to ensure authors submitted original work. All authors were given meaningful feedback on their submissions. Reviewing is a volunteer activity and a time-intensive process, and we are grateful to all our reviewers for contributing to our community.

    Conference Theme: Vision 20/20: Hindsight, Insight, and Foresight in XR and Immersive Learning

    Following several decades of confinement to a niche market, XR and immersive technologies have finally broken out into the mainstream, and they are beginning to see rapid adoption and deployment across sectors around the globe. In multiple industries and common human forums—commerce, manufacturing, education and training, healthcare, entertainment, communications, and creative enterprises—the world and its capabilities are changing because of the new types of experience enabled by these technologies and the connections they are able to foster. The theme of iLRN’s 2020 conference emphasizes the need for clear vision in looking at scholarship and practice in the use of XR and immersive technologies for supporting learners and learning, through three main focal lenses:

    • Hindsight: Remembering and respecting the history of our field; taking stock of what we have learned and already know; making sure our guiding principles and “accepted wisdom” are grounded in robust  scientific evidence
    • Insight: Making sense of and navigating our current realities; keeping abreast of trends and developments amid rapidly changing societal, economic, educational, and technological landscapes; seizing opportunities to better serve learners in the here-and-now
    • Foresight: Examining possible and probable futures while imagining and shaping those preferred ones; charting the path forward for research, practice, and policy in XR and immersive learning for the betterment of humankind.

    This Academic Proceedings volume is part of the Academic Track and is published by IEEE.

    To access the full documents please visit IEEE's website: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/conhome/9149567/proceeding.

    Editors

    • Daphne Economou, University of Westminster, UK
    • Alexander Klippel, The Pennsylvania State University, USA 
    • Heather Dodds, Independent Consultant, USA
    • Anasol Peña-Rios, British Telecom Research Labs, UK
    • Mark J. Lee, Charles Sturt University, Australia and Immersive Learning Research Network, USA
    • Dennis Beck, University of Arkansas, USA
    • Johanna Pirker, Graz University of Technology, Austria
    • Andreas Dengel, Goethe Universität Frankfurt am Main, Germany
    • Tiago Martins Peres, Universidade Aberta, Portugal
    • Jonathon Richter, iLRN President and CEO, USA

    ISBN  978-1-7348995-0-4/20

    Copyright ©2020 - IEEE. For reprints and permissions policies please visit IEEE's website.

    The papers in this publication reflect the authors' opinions. Their inclusion in this publication does not necessarily constitute endorsement by the editors or the Immersive Learning Research Network.

    To cite this volume please use the recommended format:

    Economou, D., Klippel, A., Dodds, H., Peña-Rios, A., Lee, M. J. W., Beck, D., Pirker, J., Dengel, A., Peres, T. M., & Richter, J. (Eds.) (2020). Immersive Learning Research Network. Proceedings of 6th International Conference, iLRN 2020, Online, June 21-25, 2020. Immersive Learning Research Network. ISBN 978-1-7348995-0-4/20

    For more information on the Academic Proceedings please visit https://publications.immersivelrn.org/index.php/academic.

    For more information on the Practitioner Proceedings please visit https://publications.immersivelrn.org/index.php/practitioner.

  • 2019 5th International Conference of the Immersive Learning Research Network (iLRN) - Full and Short papers

    These are the curated works of the 5th Annual Immersive Learning Research Network, or iLRN – an international network of developers, educators, and research professionals developing and sharing the scientific, technical, and applied potential of immersive learning. iLRN seeks out, innovates, and shares the evidence for high-quality immersive learning across the disciplines. Research demonstrates that effective immersive learning experiences – those where the learner feels “situated” within an ecologically rich, digitally enhanced space requires applied fundamental knowledge in three connected bodies of expertise: computer science, game studies, and the learning sciences. This is the “fundamental DNA of every good immersive learning experience.” Of course, there are myriad techniques within a host of different media and every conceivable area for application of these immersive experiences, thus, employing a wealth of knowledge that spans virtually every discipline. The Immersive Learning Research Network vision is to create a productive dialogue and co-design opportunities for computer, gaming, and learning scientists to collaborate and meaningfully connect with teachers, industry, and everyone to create and practice the use of immersive experiences of the highest quality.
    One way of doing this is by hosting annual meetings of scholar-designers from across the disciplines by immersing for a week within a unique host city. Beginning in 2015 in Prague, Czech Republic, iLRN has convened in North America and Europe in respective years. These conferences support and create opportunities for iLRN members to meet and collaborate in collaborative contexts, build professional  immersive learning research and development capacity, and share experiences in various practice-based and scientific tracks in a variety of formats. 

    Like all iLRN conferences, iLRN 2019 was an important forum for immersive learning research. The call for papers resulted in over 60 research submissions from around the world. Every submission underwent a rigorous review by at least three members of the Program Committee to maintain high scientific and quality standards. The editorial board decided, based on the reviewers’ comments, to accept nine full and eight long papers for the Springer proceedings, which is an acceptance rate of 28.3%. The papers are arranged into two parts of the proceedings, the main track and the special tracks. The accepted papers’ authors are from Brazil, Cyprus, England (Brighton, Durham, Essex [2], London, Reading), Germany, Scotland (2) and the USA
    (Arkansas, California [3], Florida, Missouri, Ohio).

    We would like to thank all who contributed to the success of this conference, in particular the members of the iLRN committee (and the additional reviewers) for carefully reviewing the contributions and selecting a high-quality program.

    We hope that you enjoy reading the content of these proceedings. We encourage you to browse the papers, reflect on the interdisciplinary connections and applications, contact the authors to continue discussions, and immerse yourself in the city – the future of urban learning with immersive technologies.

    This Academic Full and Short Papers Proceedings volume is part of the Academic Track and is published by Springer.

    To access the full documents please visit Springer's website: https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-030-23089-0.

    Editors

    • Dennis Beck, University of Arkansas, USA
    • Anasol Peña-Rios, British Telecom Research Labs, UK
    • Todd Ogle, University Libraries, Virginia Tech, USA
    • Daphne Economou, University of Westminster, UK
    • Markos Mentzelopoulos, University of Westminster, UK
    • Leonel Morgado, Universidade Aberta, Portugal
    • Christian Eckhardt, California Polytechnic State University, USA
    • Johanna Pirker, Graz University of Technology, Austria
    • Roxane Koitz-Hristov, Graz University of Technology, Austria
    • Jonathon Richter, iLRN President and CEO, USA
    • Christian Gütl, Graz University of Technology, Austria
    • Michael Gardner, University of Essex, UK

    ISBN 978-3-030-23089-0

    Copyright ©2019 - Springer. For reprints and permissions policies please visit Springer's website.

    The papers in this publication reflect the authors' opinions. Their inclusion in this publication does not necessarily constitute endorsement by the editors or the Immersive Learning Research Network.

    To cite this volume please use the recommended format:

    Beck, D., Peña-Rios, A., Ogle, T., Economou, D., Mentzelopolous, M., Morgado, L., Eckhardt, C., Pirker, J., Koitz-Hristov, R., Richter, J., Gütl, C., & Gardner, M. (Eds.) (2019). Immersive Learning Research Network. Proceedings of 5th International Conference, iLRN 2019, London, UK, June 23-27, 2019. Springer. ISBN 978-3-030-23089-0

    For more information on the Academic Proceedings please visit https://publications.immersivelrn.org/index.php/academic.

    For more information on the Practitioner Proceedings please visit https://publications.immersivelrn.org/index.php/practitioner.

  • 2019 5th International Conference of the Immersive Learning Research Network (iLRN) - Workshop, Long and Short Paper, and Poster Proceedings

    ILRN 2019 is the fifth annual international conference of the Immersive Learning Research Network held in Westminster, London, UK, following the 2018 edition in Missoula, Montana (USA), and returning for the third time to Europe, after the Coimbra (Portugal) edition in 2017.

    The topic is becoming increasingly relevant as the power and affordability of suitable computers, mobile
    devices, network connectivity and interface technologies has made virtual and augmented reality environments more accessible than ever before. The vision of the iLRN is to develop a comprehensive research and outreach agenda that encompasses the breadth and scope of learning potentialities, affordances and challenges of immersive learning environments. To achieve this, the iLRN mission is to invite and organize scientists, practitioners, organizations, and innovators across the disciplines to explore, describe, and apply the optimal use of immersive worlds and environments for educational purposes. Further the conference, meetings, and virtual symposia aim to build capacity to explain and demonstrate how these immersive learning environments best work using a variety of rigorous, systematic, and meaningful research methods and outreach strategies. To achieve this, the ILRN has invited scientists, practitioners, organizations, and innovators across all disciplines to report on their research in the ILRN 2019 international conference. Sixty-three papers were received the conference in 2019, encompassing long and short papers, posters, demo proposals, special tracks and workshops. All papers and posters were being independently reviewed: full/long papers by 2 – 4 reviewers, short papers by 2 – 3 reviewers and posters by 2 reviewers. All authors were given a substantial mix of feedback on how to improve their submissions for publication and presentation at the conference. In cases where the reviewers agreed that much more work was needed for a given format, full/long papers were invited to be resubmitted as short papers and short papers as posters. After a rigorous reviewing process eighteen were selected as full papers to be published in an edition of Springer’s series Communications in Computer and Information Sciences (27.4% acceptance rate), the remaining revised papers and poster abstracts being included in this volume.

    180 authors submitted publications successfully and hail from Austria, Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Cyprus,
    England, Germany, Greece, Iran, Jamaica, Korea, Norway, Portugal, Romania, Saudi Arabia, Scotland, Spain, Swiss and in the United States, Arkansas, Arizona, California, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Massachusetts, Michigan, Mississippi, Montana, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania and Washington D.C.; 53% being from Europe and 47% from the rest of the world, with North America accounting for 23%, South America 20%, Asia 3% and Australia 1%.

    If you are not already involved in thinking about or researching immersive learning, check out these
    proceedings, and get excited about joining the iLRN community.

    This Academic Workshop, Long and Short Paper, and Poster Proceedings volume is part of the Academic Track and is published by Verlag der Technischen Universität Graz.

    To access the full documents please visit Verlag der Technischen Universität Graz' website: https://www.tugraz-verlag.at/en/gesamtverzeichnis/informatik-und-biomedizinische-technik/ilrn-2019-london-ebook/.

    Editors

    • Dennis Beck, University of Arkansas, USA
    • Anasol Peña-Rios, British Telecom Research Labs, UK
    • Todd Ogle, University Libraries, Virginia Tech, USA
    • Daphne Economou, University of Westminster, UK
    • Markos Mentzelopoulos, University of Westminster, UK
    • Leonel Morgado, Universidade Aberta, Portugal
    • Christian Eckhardt, California Polytechnic State University, USA
    • Johanna Pirker, Graz University of Technology, Austria
    • Roxane Koitz-Hristov, Graz University of Technology, Austria
    • Jonathon Richter, iLRN President and CEO, USA
    • Christian Gütl, Graz University of Technology, Austria
    • Michael Gardner, University of Essex, UK

    ISBN 978-3-85125-657-4

    Copyright ©2019 by the Immersive Learning Research Network. For reprints and permissions policies please visit Verlag der Technischen Universität Graz' website.

    The papers in this book comprise the proceedings of the meeting mentioned on the cover and title page. The papers in this publication reflect the authors' opinions. Their inclusion in this publication does not necessarily constitute endorsement by the editors or the Immersive Learning Research Network.

    To cite this volume please use the recommended format:

    Beck, D., Peña-Rios, A., Ogle, T., Economou, D., Mentzelopolous, M., Morgado, L., Eckhardt, C., Pirker, J., Koitz-Hristov, R., Richter, J., Gütl, C., & Gardner, M. (Eds.) (2019). iLRN 2019 London, Workshop, Long and Short Paper, and Poster Proceedings from the Fifth Immersive Learning Research Network Conference, iLRN 2019, London, UK, June 23-27, 2019. Verlag der Technischen Universität Graz. ISBN 978-3-85125-657-4

    For more information on the Academic Proceedings please visit https://publications.immersivelrn.org/index.php/academic.

    For more information on the Practitioner Proceedings please visit https://publications.immersivelrn.org/index.php/practitioner.

  • 2018 4th International Conference of the Immersive Learning Research Network (iLRN) - Full and Short papers

    The iLRN conference is an annual conference organized by the Immersive Learning Research Network (iLRN), an international organization of developers, educators, and research professionals collaborating to develop the scientific, technical, and applied potential of immersive learning. This year’s conference was the fourth annual meeting reporting high-quality results in immersive learning research. Focusing research on effective immersive learning experiences in various learning settings is raising increasing interest and includes many disciplines wherein immersive learning and training may be relevant. The vision of iLRN is to seek out, innovate, and share the evidence and potential for immersive learning. One of the supporting activities is hosting a worldwide conference for immersive scholars from across the disciplines, beginning in 2015 in Prague, Czech Republic. These conferences are designed to support and create opportunities for ILRN members to meet in collaborative contexts and build their professional immersive learning research and development capacities, and share practical experiences in various scientific tracks and other presentation  formats. But more than this, they were devised as an incubator during which iLRN members can collaboratively develop a comprehensive research and outreach agenda that encompasses the breadth and scope of the learning potentialities, affordances, and challenges of immersive learning environments.

    As with the previous conferences, iLRN 2018 was another important international forum for immersive learning research. The call for papers resulted in a total of 21 full paper submissions submitted from the main track and 25 from the special tracks. Every submission underwent rigorous double blind review by at least three members of the Program Committee to ensure high scientific and quality standards. The editorial board decided, based on the reviewers’ comments, to accept 13 full papers and one short paper for the proceedings, which is an acceptance rate of 30.4%. The accepted papers’ authors are from: Brazil, Germany, Tunisia, United Kingdom, and the United States.

    We would like to thank all who contributed to the success of this conference, in particular the members of the iLRN Program Committees of the main track and the special tracks for carefully reviewing the contributions and selecting a high-quality program.

    We hope that you enjoy reading the latest issue of these proceedings. Browse the papers, reflect on the interdisciplinary connections and applications, contact the authors to continue discussions, and continue to advance iLRN’s immersive learning agenda, and we invite you to actively contribute to future events.

    This Academic Full and Short Papers Proceedings volume is part of the Academic Track and is published by Springer.

    To access the full documents please visit Springer's website: https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-319-93596-6.

    Editors

    • Dennis Beck, University of Arkansas, USA
    • Colin Allison,University of St Andrews, UK
    • Leonel Morgado, Universidade Aberta, Portugal
    • Johanna Pirker, Graz University of Technology, Austria
    • Anasol Peña-Rios, British Telecom Research Labs, UK
    • Todd Ogle, University Libraries, Virginia Tech, USA
    • Jonathon Richter, iLRN President and CEO, USA
    • Christian Gütl, Graz University of Technology, Austria

    ISBN 978-3-319-93596-6

    Copyright ©2018 - Springer. For reprints and permissions policies please visit Springer's website.

    The papers in this publication reflect the authors' opinions. Their inclusion in this publication does not necessarily constitute endorsement by the editors or the Immersive Learning Research Network.

    To cite this volume please use the recommended format:

    Beck, D., Allison, C., Morgado, L., Pirker, J., Peña-Rios, A., Ogle, T., Richter, J., & Gütl, C. (Eds.) (2018). Immersive Learning Research Network. Proceedings of 4th International Conference, iLRN 2018, Missoula, MT, USA, June 24-29, 2018. Springer. ISBN 978-3-319-93596-6

    For more information on the Academic Proceedings please visit https://publications.immersivelrn.org/index.php/academic.

    For more information on the Practitioner Proceedings please visit https://publications.immersivelrn.org/index.php/practitioner.

     

  • 2018 4th International Conference of the Immersive Learning Research Network (iLRN) - Workshop, Long and Short Paper, and Poster Proceedings

    ILRN 2018 is the fourth annual international conference of the Immersive Learning Research Network, following the 2017 edition in Coimbra (Portugal), and returning for the second time to the United States, after the Santa Barbara edition in 2016.

    There have been sixty-seven submissions to the conference in 2018 encompassing long and short papers, posters, demo proposals, special tracks and workshops. Albeit a third less than last year when the total was ninety-four, it is fifty percent more than in the last North American edition. Clearly, while travel logistics from other continents to the United States still pose challenges to participation, the research area is attracting more
    attention in North America, and more people overseas are overcoming those challenges. Of a total 150 authors of accepted papers and posters, 55% are from North America and 45% from the rest of the world, with Europe accounting for 21%, Africa 12%, South America 7%, and Asia 5%. The iLRN goal of developing a balanced transatlantic (and beyond) event enabling exchange of practices and research is being achieved. Authors of accepted contributions are from Austria, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, Italy, Portugal, Saudi Arabia, Spain, Tunisia, United Kingdom and the United States. Within the United States, there is exciting diversity as authors are from 17 states: Arkansas, California, Florida, Illinois, Indiana, Massachusetts, Nebraska, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Tennessee, Texas, Vermont, Washington, and Wisconsin.

    The overall acceptance rate for full papers was twenty-nine percent, with all papers and posters being independently reviewed: full/long papers by 3 – 5 reviewers, short papers by 2 – 4 reviewers and posters by 2 reviewers. All authors were given a good mix of feedback on how to improve their submissions for publication and presentation at the conference. In cases where the reviewers agreed that much more work was needed for a given format, full/long papers were invited to be resubmitted as short papers and short papers as posters. Fourteen of the accepted papers were published in an edition of Springer’s series Communications in Computer and Information Sciences, the remaining revised papers and poster abstracts being included in this volume.

    If you are not already involved in thinking about or researching immersive learning, check out these proceedings, and get excited about joining the iLRN community.

    This Academic Workshop, Long and Short Paper, and Poster Proceedings volume is part of the Academic Track and is published by Verlag der Technischen Universität Graz.

    To access the full documents please visit Verlag der Technischen Universität Graz' website: https://www.tugraz-verlag.at/en/gesamtverzeichnis/informatik-und-biomedizinische-technik/ilrn-2018-montana-ebook/.

    Editors

    • Dennis Beck, University of Arkansas, USA
    • Colin Allison,University of St Andrews, UK
    • Leonel Morgado, Universidade Aberta, Portugal
    • Johanna Pirker, Graz University of Technology, Austria
    • Anasol Peña-Rios, British Telecom Research Labs, UK
    • Todd Ogle, University Libraries, Virginia Tech, USA
    • Jonathon Richter, iLRN President and CEO, USA
    • Christian Gütl, Graz University of Technology, Austria

    ISBN 978-3-85125-609-3

    Copyright ©2018 by the Immersive Learning Research Network. For reprints and permissions policies please visit Verlag der Technischen Universität Graz' website.

    The papers in this book comprise the proceedings of the meeting mentioned on the cover and title page. The papers in this publication reflect the authors' opinions. Their inclusion in this publication does not necessarily constitute endorsement by the editors or the Immersive Learning Research Network.

    To cite this volume please use the recommended format:

    Beck, D., Allison, C., Morgado, L., Pirker, J., Peña-Rios, A., Ogle, T., Richter, J., & Gütl, C. (Eds.) (2018). iLRN 2018 Montana, Workshop, Long and Short Paper, and Poster Proceedings from the Fourth Immersive Learning Research Network Conference, iLRN 2018, London, UK, June 24-29, 2018. Verlag der Technischen Universität Graz. ISBN 978-3-85125-609-3

    For more information on the Academic Proceedings please visit https://publications.immersivelrn.org/index.php/academic.

    For more information on the Practitioner Proceedings please visit https://publications.immersivelrn.org/index.php/practitioner.

  • 2017 3rd International Conference of the Immersive Learning Research Network (iLRN) - Full and Short papers

    The third annual iLRN conference was held this year, hosted at the University of Coimbra in Portugal, one of the oldest universities in the world, dating from 1290, just one century after the founding of the Portuguese nation. Situated in the heart of the historic city of Coimbra, the university is poised amidst a fusion of new and old, as newer technology corporations and non-profits vie for prominence with historic architecture and tourism attractions. It is a setting where we hope to better define “immersion” and what that means across our connected interdisciplinary focus. We hope to highlight what “immersive” learning means to a number of focused disciplinary areas. We hope to immerse ourselves in a number of designed experiences to compare and contrast what capabilities they bring – and what things they disallow or take away.

    This year’s special focus was “Honoring Tradition, Immersed in the Future.” Set at the nexus between old and new, with ancient physical structures mixed among modern architectural marvels, this year’s conference concentrated on the fusion between old and new in immersive learning. Creating immersive experiences is becoming easier every day, but doing it well so that people learn effectively is much harder. People engaged in the production of high-quality immersive learning experiences, thus, must be a specialist in one or more disciplines with the ability to appreciate and work effectively from the lens of other specialties. Some of these specialists will be from “old” professions, such as writers, teachers, thespians, attorneys, and sports professionals, while others will be from newer occupations such as computer coders, 3D graphic designers, and educational technologists. Creating effective learning experiences using immersive technologies requires the coordination of both “old” and “new” types of special expertise and effort. Old and new must work together.

    As such, this conference is focused on providing opportunities for individuals from a wide variety of areas to share their information across the fields involved with the research, development, implementation, practical experiences, and business of immersive learning. The conference format was designed to gather submissions to the main track focusing on the conference theme, while the six special tracks, workshops, and two publication outlets were planned to draw more interest from diverse communities of scholars and practitioners based on discipline, methodology, or technology type.

    Like the inaugural conference, iLRN 2017 was an important forum for immersive learning research. The call for papers resulted in a total of 76 submissions from around the world. Every submission underwent rigorous review by at least two members of the Program Committee to keep high scientific and quality standards. The editorial board decided, based on the reviewers’ comments, to accept 17 full papers and four short papers for the proceedings, which is an acceptance rate of 27%. The full papers are arranged into two parts in the proceedings, the main track and the special tracks. The accepted papers’ authors are from: Austria, Brazil, China, Cyprus, Finland, Germany, Greece, The Netherlands, Norway, UK, Portugal, and USA (Arkansas, Indiana, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Ohio).

    We would like to thank all who contributed to the success of this conference, in particular the members of the iLRN committee (and the additional reviewers) for carefully reviewing the contributions and selecting a high-quality program.

    This Academic Full and Short Papers Proceedings volume is part of the Academic Track and is published by Springer.

    To access the full documents please visit Springer's website: https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-319-60633-0.

    Editors

    • Dennis Beck, University of Arkansas, USA
    • Colin Allison,University of St Andrews, UK
    • Leonel Morgado, Universidade Aberta, Portugal
    • Johanna Pirker, Graz University of Technology, Austria
    • Foaad Khosmood, California Polytechnic State University, USA
    • Jonathon Richter, iLRN President and CEO, USA
    • Christian Gütl, Graz University of Technology, Austria

    ISBN 978-3-319-60633-0

    Copyright ©2017 - Springer. For reprints and permissions policies please visit Springer's website.

    The papers in this publication reflect the authors' opinions. Their inclusion in this publication does not necessarily constitute endorsement by the editors or the Immersive Learning Research Network.

    To cite this volume please use the recommended format:

    Beck, D., Allison, C., Morgado, L., Pirker, J., Khosmood, F., Richter, J., & Gütl, C. (Eds.) (2017). Immersive Learning Research Network. Proceedings of 3th International Conference, iLRN 2017, Coimbra, Portugal, June 26-29, 2017. Springer. ISBN 978-3-319-60633-0

    For more information on the Academic Proceedings please visit https://publications.immersivelrn.org/index.php/academic.

    For more information on the Practitioner Proceedings please visit https://publications.immersivelrn.org/index.php/practitioner.

  • 2017 3rd International Conference of the Immersive Learning Research Network (iLRN) - Workshop, Long and Short Paper, and Poster Proceedings

    ILRN 2017 is the third annual international conference of the Immersive Learning Network. It follows on from the inaugural conference held in Prague in July 2015 and the second conference held in Santa Barbara in June 2016.

    There have been ninety-three submissions to the conference in 2017 encompassing long and short papers, posters, special tracks and workshops. This has more than doubled since last year when the total was forty-five. This research area is clearly attracting more attention as the usability and affordability of powerful virtual reality devices grows alongside the search for new modes of learning and delivering effective educational experiences. In addition to the ongoing development of virtual laboratories, bespoke learning systems and collaborative training environments the emerging interdisciplinary fields of cultural heritage, VR-related cognitive studies and VRmediated communication are also represented in these proceedings.

    The Immersive Learning Research Network is highly inclusive, keen to accommodate and encourage all interested parties to actively participate in this vibrant research area, especially by attending the annual conference. All papers and posters were independently reviewed: long papers by 3 – 5 reviewers, short papers by 2 – 4 reviewers and posters by 2 reviewers. This ensured that all authors were given a good mix of feedback on how to improve their submissions for publication and presentation at the conference. In cases where the reviewers agreed that much more work was needed for a particular format long papers were invited to be resubmitted as short papers and short papers as posters. Submissions for the main track of the conference included nine posters and thirty-four papers. Eleven of these papers were accepted for inclusion in an edition of Springer’s long running series Communications in Computer and Information Sciences with the remaining revised papers and abstracts for posters being included in this volume. This publication is Open Access with a DOI and also a separate DOI for each long paper.

    If you are not already involved in thinking about or using immersive learning in educational contexts we believe that these proceedings will stimulate you to so by joining the ILRN.

    This Academic Workshop, Long and Short Paper, and Poster Proceedings volume is part of the Academic Track and is published by Verlag der Technischen Universität Graz.

    To access the full documents please visit Verlag der Technischen Universität Graz' website: https://www.tugraz-verlag.at/en/gesamtverzeichnis/informatik-und-biomedizinische-technik/ilrn-2017-coimbra-ebook/.

    Editors

    • Dennis Beck, University of Arkansas, USA
    • Colin Allison,University of St Andrews, UK
    • Leonel Morgado, Universidade Aberta, Portugal
    • Johanna Pirker, Graz University of Technology, Austria
    • Foaad Khosmood, California Polytechnic State University, USA
    • Jonathon Richter, iLRN President and CEO, USA
    • Christian Gütl, Graz University of Technology, Austria

    ISBN 978-3-85125-530-0

    Copyright ©2017 by the Immersive Learning Research Network. For reprints and permissions policies please visit Verlag der Technischen Universität Graz' website.

    The papers in this book comprise the proceedings of the meeting mentioned on the cover and title page. The papers in this publication reflect the authors' opinions. Their inclusion in this publication does not necessarily constitute endorsement by the editors or the Immersive Learning Research Network.

    To cite this volume please use the recommended format:

    Beck, D., Allison, C., Morgado, L., Pirker, J., Khosmood, F., Richter, J., & Gütl, C. (Eds.) (2017). iLRN 2017 Coimbra. Workshop, Long and Short Paper, and Poster Proceedings of the Third Immersive Learning Research Network Conference, iLRN 2017, Coimbra, Portugal, June 26-29, 2017. Verlag der Technischen Universität Graz. ISBN 978-3-85125-530-0

    For more information on the Academic Proceedings please visit https://publications.immersivelrn.org/index.php/academic.

    For more information on the Practitioner Proceedings please visit https://publications.immersivelrn.org/index.php/practitioner.

  • 2016 2nd International Conference of the Immersive Learning Research Network (iLRN) - Full and Short papers

    The iLRN conference is in its 2nd iteration reporting high quality results in immersive learning research. It is organized by the Immersive Learning Research Network (iLRN), an international organization of developers, educators, and research professionals collaborating to develop the scientific, technical, and applied potential of immersive learning. Effective immersive learning experiences are created within multiple media using myriad techniques and employing a wealth of knowledge that spans many disciplines wherein immersive learning and training may be relevant. The vision of iLRN is to seek out, innovate, and share the evidence and potential for immersive learning. One way of doing this is by hosting a worldwide conference of immersive scholars from across the disciplines, beginning in 2015 in Prague, Czech Republic. These conferences are designed to support and create opportunities for ILRN members to meet and share in collaborative contexts and build their professional immersive learning research and development capacities, and share practical experiences in various scientific tracks and other presentation formats. But more than this, they were devised as an incubator during which iLRN members can collaboratively develop a comprehensive research and outreach agenda that encompasses the breadth and scope of learning potentialities, affordances and challenges of immersive learning environments.

    2016 marks the 2nd Annual iLRN conference, hosted at the University of California at Santa Barbara, a beautiful and sunny place near the beach, amidst a busy network of immersive technology corporations, non-profits, entertainment and tourist attractions, and other learning and research institutions in the California area. It’s a setting where we hope to better define “immersion” and what that means across our connected interdisciplinary focus. We hope to highlight what “immersive” learning means to a number of focused disciplinary areas. We hope to immerse ourselves in a number of designed experiences to compare and contrast what capabilities they bring – and what things they disallow or take away.

    Like the inaugural conference, iLRN 2016 is an important forum for immersive learning research. The call for papers resulted in a total of 45 submissions from around the world. Every submission has undergone a rigorous review by at least two members of the program committee to keep high scientific and quality standards. The editorial board decided based on the reviewers’ comments to accept 16 full papers for the Springer Proceedings, which is an acceptance rate of 36 percent. The full papers are arranged into two parts of the proceedings, the main track and the special tracks. The accepted papers’ authors are from: Austria, Australia, England, Portugal, Scotland, Germany, U.S.A. (California, Illinois, Massachusetts, Montana, Oregon, North Carolina).

    We would like to thank all who contributed to the success of this conference, in particular the members of the iLRN committee (and the additional reviewers) for carefully reviewing the contributions and selecting a high quality program.

    This Academic Full and Short Papers Proceedings volume is part of the Academic Track and is published by Springer.

    To access the full documents please visit Springer's website: https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-319-41769-1.

    Editors

    • Colin Allison,University of St Andrews, UK
    • Leonel Morgado, Universidade Aberta, Portugal
    • Johanna Pirker, Graz University of Technology, Austria
    • Dennis Beck, University of Arkansas, USA
    • Jonathon Richter, iLRN President and CEO, USA
    • Christian Gütl, Graz University of Technology, Austria

    ISBN 978-3-319-41769-1

    Copyright ©2016 - Springer. For reprints and permissions policies please visit Springer's website.

    The papers in this publication reflect the authors' opinions. Their inclusion in this publication does not necessarily constitute endorsement by the editors or the Immersive Learning Research Network.

    To cite this volume please use the recommended format:

    Allison, C., Morgado, L., Pirker, J., Beck, D., Richter, J., & Gütl, C. (Eds.) (2016). Immersive Learning Research Network. Proceedings of 2th International Conference, iLRN 2016, Santa Barbara, USA, June 27-July 1, 2016. Springer. ISBN 978-3-319-41769-1

    For more information on the Academic Proceedings please visit https://publications.immersivelrn.org/index.php/academic.

    For more information on the Practitioner Proceedings please visit https://publications.immersivelrn.org/index.php/practitioner.

  • 2016 2nd International Conference of the Immersive Learning Research Network (iLRN) - Workshop, Long and Short Paper, and Poster Proceedings

    ILRN 2016 is the second annual international conference of the Immersive Learning Network. It follows on from the inaugural conference held in Prague in July 2015. The topic is becoming increasingly relevant as the power and affordability of suitable computers, mobile devices, network connectivity and interface technologies has made virtual and augmented reality environments more accessible than ever before. ILRN’s mission is to stimulate the use of, and share knowledge about, these exciting technologies as they are applied effectively in education and learning scenarios. This requires both fundamental and applied research. ILRN aims to develop a comprehensive research and outreach agenda that encompasses the breadth and scope of all the learning potentialities, affordances and challenges of immersive learning environments. To achieve this, the ILRN has invited scientists, practitioners, organizations, and innovators across all disciplines to report on their research in the ILRN 2016 international conference.

    Twenty-three papers were received for this event and after a rigorous reviewing process nine were selected as full papers for a Springer published volume and 2 as full papers for this online proceedings volume, which also includes the texts of three posters. Papers in the main conference report on the use of immersive learning environments to address a variety of educational challenges and environments, with the use of virtual worlds in corporate training and programming using immersive environments as the foci. The authors of these papers hail from Austria, Australia, the UK, Germany, Portugal, Scotland, and in the United States, North Carolina and Oregon.

    We hope you will find this collection of papers informative and engaging. We encourage you to join ILRN and participate in future events.

    This Academic Workshop, Long and Short Paper, and Poster Proceedings volume is part of the Academic Track and is published by Verlag der Technischen Universität Graz.

    To access the full documents please visit Verlag der Technischen Universität Graz' website: https://www.tugraz-verlag.at/en/gesamtverzeichnis/informatik-und-biomedizinische-technik/ilrn-2016-santa-barbara-ebook/.

    Editors

    • Colin Allison,University of St Andrews, UK
    • Leonel Morgado, Universidade Aberta, Portugal
    • Johanna Pirker, Graz University of Technology, Austria
    • Dennis Beck, University of Arkansas, USA
    • Jonathon Richter, iLRN President and CEO, USA
    • Christian Gütl, Graz University of Technology, Austria

    ISBN978-3-85125-472-3

    Copyright ©2016 by the Immersive Learning Research Network. For reprints and permissions policies please visit Verlag der Technischen Universität Graz' website.

    The papers in this book comprise the proceedings of the meeting mentioned on the cover and title page. The papers in this publication reflect the authors' opinions. Their inclusion in this publication does not necessarily constitute endorsement by the editors or the Immersive Learning Research Network.

    To cite this volume please use the recommended format:

    Allison, C., Morgado, L., Pirker, J., Beck, D., Richter, J., & Gütl, C. (Eds.) (2016). iLRN 2016 Santa Barbara. Workshop, Long and Short Paper, and Poster Proceedings of the Second Immersive Learning Research Network Conference, iLRN 2016, Santa Barbara, USA, June 27-July 1, 2016. Verlag der Technischen Universität Graz. ISBN 978-3-85125-472-3

    For more information on the Academic Proceedings please visit https://publications.immersivelrn.org/index.php/academic.

    For more information on the Practitioner Proceedings please visit https://publications.immersivelrn.org/index.php/practitioner.

  • 2015 1st International Conference of the Immersive Learning Research Network (iLRN)

    Effective immersive learning experiences are created within multiple media using myriad techniques and employing a wealth of knowledge that spans many disciplines. This includes but is not limited to computer science, user experience and media design, the learning sciences, architecture, game development, artificial intelligence, biology, medicine, and the thousands of disciplinary and occupational content areas wherein immersive learning and training may be relevant.

    The vision of the immersive Learning Research Network (iLRN) is to develop a comprehensive research and outreach agenda that encompasses the breadth and scope of learning potentialities, affordances and challenges of immersive learning environments. To achieve this, the iLRN mission is to invite and organize scientists, practitioners, organizations, and innovators across the disciplines to explore, describe, and apply the optimal use of immersive worlds and environments for educational purposes. Conference, meetings, and virtual symposia aim to build capacity to explain and demonstrate how these immersive learning environments best work using a variety of rigorous, systematic, and meaningful research methods and outreach strategies.

    The objective of the iLRN’ 15 is to bring together researchers, educators, practitioners, decision makers, and industry on a global scale. iLRN’ 15 spans the topic range from innovative research, technologies and tools to successful services and products of immersive environments to foster learning, training, and other activities in motivational and engaging ways. The objective is to uncover and discuss emerging trends and technologies, sound research and best practices, successful products and services within an international and interdisciplinary community. This includes but not limits its focus to virtual and augmented worlds, learning and motivational games, educational simulations, mixed/augmented reality, and related learning and teaching tools, techniques, technologies, and standards.

    iLRN’15 attracted 28 full paper submissions from authors from 13 countries. These papers were carefully reviewed and finally 21 papers have been accepted for presentation. The papers are organized in the following four topic stream: iLRN main stream; a focused stream on wearable-technology enhanced learning (WELL); a focused stream on self-regulation and personalization in immersive learning environments (SPILE); a focused stream on cognitive serious gaming (CSG).

    The iLRN organizers gratefully thank the Program Committee, the Special Track Organizers, and attendees for their participation and interesting discussions. 

    This Academic Proceedings volume is part of the Academic Track and is published by IOS Press in collaboration with the 11th International Conference on Intelligent Environments.

    To access the full documents please visit IOS Press's website: https://ebooks.iospress.nl/volume/workshop-proceedings-of-the-11th-international-conference-on-intelligent-environments.

    Editors

    • Carlos Delgado Kloos, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Spain
    • Jennifer B. Elliott, University of North Carolina, USA
    • Michael Gardner, University of Essex, UK
    • Christian Gütl, Graz University of Technology, Austria
    • Johanna Pirker, Graz University of Technology, Austria
    • Jonathon Richter, iLRN President and CEO, USA

    ISBN 978-1-61499-529-6

    Copyright ©2015 - IOS Press. For reprints and permissions policies please visit IOS Press' website.

    The papers in this publication reflect the authors' opinions. Their inclusion in this publication does not necessarily constitute endorsement by the editors or the Immersive Learning Research Network.

    To cite this volume please use the recommended format:

    Delgado Kloos, C., Elliott, J. B., Gardner, M., Gütl, C., Pirker, J., & Richter, J. (Eds.) (2015). Immersive Learning Research Network. Proceedings of 1st International Conference, iLRN 2015, Prague, Czech Republic, July 15-17, 2015. IOS Press. ISBN 978-1-61499-529-6

    For more information on the Academic Proceedings please visit https://publications.immersivelrn.org/index.php/academic.

    For more information on the Practitioner Proceedings please visit https://publications.immersivelrn.org/index.php/practitioner.

  • 2015 1st International Conference of the Immersive Learning Research Network (iLRN) - Workshop, Long and Short Paper, and Poster Proceedings

    The vision of the immersive Learning Research Network (iLRN) is to develop a comprehensive research and outreach agenda that encompasses the breadth and scope of learning potentialities, affordances and challenges of immersive learning environments. To achieve this, the iLRN mission is to invite and organize scientists, practitioners, organizations, and innovators across the disciplines to explore, describe, and apply the optimal use of immersive worlds and environments for educational purposes. Conference, meetings, and virtual symposia aim to build capacity to explain and demonstrate how these immersive learning environments best work using a variety of rigorous, systematic, and meaningful research methods and outreach strategies.

    The iLRN organizers gratefully thank the Program Committee, the Special Track Organizers, and attendees for their participation and interesting discussions. 

    This Academic Workshop, Long and Short Paper, and Poster Proceedings volume is part of the Academic Track and is published by Verlag der Technischen Universität Graz.

    To access the full documents please visit Verlag der Technischen Universität Graz's website: https://www.tugraz-verlag.at/en/gesamtverzeichnis/informatik-und-biomedizinische-technik/ilrn-2015-prague-ebook/.

    Editors

    • Carlos Delgado Kloos, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Spain
    • Jennifer B. Elliott, University of North Carolina, USA
    • Michael Gardner, University of Essex, UK
    • Christian Gütl, Graz University of Technology, Austria
    • Johanna Pirker, Graz University of Technology, Austria
    • Jonathon Richter, iLRN President and CEO, USA

    ISBN 978-3-85125-412-9

    Copyright ©2015 by the Immersive Learning Research Network. For reprints and permissions policies please visit Verlag der Technischen Universität Graz' website.

    The papers in this book comprise the proceedings of the meeting mentioned on the cover and title page. The papers in this publication reflect the authors' opinions. Their inclusion in this publication does not necessarily constitute endorsement by the editors or the Immersive Learning Research Network.

    To cite this volume please use the recommended format:

    Delgado Kloos, C., Elliott, J. B., Gardner, M., Gütl, C., Pirker, J., & Richter, J. (Eds.) (2015). iLRN 2015 Prague. Workshop, Short Paper and Poster Proceedings from inaugural Immersive Learning Research Network Conference, iLRN 2015, Prague, Czech Republic, July 15-17, 2015. Verlag der Technischen Universität Graz. ISBN 978-3-85125-412-9

    For more information on the Academic Proceedings please visit https://publications.immersivelrn.org/index.php/academic.

    For more information on the Practitioner Proceedings please visit https://publications.immersivelrn.org/index.php/practitioner.