Guiding the Redesign of a VR-based Photolithography Training from Domain Experts’ Perspective: A Think-Aloud Study

Authors

  • Shangman Li School of Information Science and Learning Technologies, University of Missouri, Columbia, United States
  • Xinhao Xu School of Information Science and Learning Technologies, University of Missouri, Columbia, United States
  • Fang Wang Department of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Missouri, Columbia, United States
  • Yupei Duan School of Information Science and Learning Technologies, University of Missouri, Columbia, United States
  • Mahmoud Almasri Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, United States

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56198/

Keywords:

Virtual Reality, Engineering Education, Photolithography Training, Think-Aloud Protocol, Design Considerations

Abstract

This academic full paper presents the use of think-aloud protocol for collecting real-time user insights on an immersive VR-based photolithography training from domain experts. Findings reveal that usability challenges extend beyond basic interaction issues and are largely rooted in instructional design. Based on these insights, the study proposes a set of actionable design considerations, organized into meta, pragmatic, and specific levels, to guide future system iterations. The results highlight the importance of iterative, feedback-driven design processes that integrate usability and pedagogical evaluation to ensure VR training tools are both technically functional and instructionally effective.

Published

02-07-2026

How to Cite

Guiding the Redesign of a VR-based Photolithography Training from Domain Experts’ Perspective: A Think-Aloud Study . (2026). Immersive Learning Research - Academic, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.56198/

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